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Observed 2:15 PM CDT at KMJQ

Alpha, MN weather

Overcast and 70°21°, 19°11° warmer than a typical Oct 24, rain ~8–9 PM (46%).

Today: low 45°7° (likely 45°7° to 50°10°), high 73°23° (likely 70°21° to 73°23°).

Forecasts agree

Now 70°21°

Cloudy

Wind
10 mph17 km/h
From the west-southwest. Gusts to 20 mph33 km/h around 6 PM
Dew point
52°11°
Comfortable · down to 43°6° by 11 PM
UV tomorrow
3Moderate
Moderate 3–4 PM · peak 3
Pressure
30.18 inHg1022 hPa
Rising slowly · +0.02 inHg+0.8 hPa in 3 h

Next 2 hours

No precipitation expected in the next 2 hours.

Next 48 hours

Good hours for
  • Dry until 7 PM
  • Below 60°16° tonight after 6 PM
  • Drizzle tonight 7 PM–1 AM (50%, 0.12 in3 mm)
  • Rain tomorrow night from 1 AM (60%, 0.44 in11 mm)
  • Gusts to 26 mph42 km/h Monday 9–10 AM
  1. This afternoonDown to 64°18° by 5 PM · rain chance 20% · Mostly cloudy
  2. TonightDown to 46°8° by 5 AM · Rain 7 PM–1 AM (50%)
  3. Tomorrow morningUp to 51°11° by 11 AM · rain chance 30% · Cloudy
  4. Tomorrow afternoonNear 53°12° · rain chance 10% · Cloudy
  5. Tomorrow nightDown to 43°6° by 5 AM · Rain 1–6 AM (40%)
  6. Monday morningUp to 48°9° by 11 AM · Rain all morning (60%) · gusts to 26 mph42 km/h
  7. Monday afternoonNear 51°11° · Rain all afternoon (60%)
Hourly forecast, next 48 hours, in the place's local time
HourConditionsTemperatureFeels likePrecipitationWindHumidityCloud coverUV index
Sat 3pCloudy70°21° (likely 65°18° to 71°22°)70°21°10%10 mph16 km/h from NW, gusts 13 mph20 km/h49%90%2
Sat 4pCloudy66°19° (likely 59°15° to 66°19°)66°19°20%10 mph16 km/h from NW, gusts 19 mph30 km/h54%82%1
Sat 5pCloudy64°18° (likely 56°13° to 64°18°)64°18°20%10 mph16 km/h from NNW, gusts 20 mph33 km/h54%75%0
Sat 6pCloudy59°15° (likely 52°11° to 59°15°)59°15°20%10 mph16 km/h from NNW, gusts 20 mph33 km/h62%83%0
Sat 7pCloudy55°13° (likely 50°10° to 55°13°)55°13°30%, 0.02 in0.5 mm10 mph16 km/h from N, gusts 20 mph32 km/h72%98%0
Sat 8pCloudy53°12° (likely 49°9° to 53°12°)53°12°40%, 0.02 in0.5 mm10 mph16 km/h from N, gusts 19 mph31 km/h71%99%0
Sat 9pCloudy52°11° (likely 48°9° to 52°11°)52°11°50%, 0.02 in0.5 mm10 mph16 km/h from N, gusts 18 mph29 km/h74%99%0
Sat 10pCloudy51°11° (likely 47°8° to 51°11°)51°11°30%, 0.02 in0.5 mm10 mph16 km/h from N, gusts 17 mph27 km/h77%100%0
Sat 11pCloudy51°11° (likely 47°8° to 51°11°)51°11°20%, 0.02 in0.5 mm5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 16 mph26 km/h74%100%0
Sun 12aDrizzle50°10° (likely 47°8° to 50°10°)47°8°20%, 0.02 in0.5 mm5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 16 mph26 km/h77%100%0
Sun 1aCloudy50°10° (likely 46°8° to 50°10°)47°8°10%5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 16 mph26 km/h77%98%0
Sun 2aCloudy49°9° (likely 46°8° to 49°9°)46°8°10%5 mph8 km/h from NNE, gusts 18 mph28 km/h74%96%0
Sun 3aCloudy48°9° (likely 46°8° to 49°9°)45°7°10%5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 17 mph27 km/h77%93%0
Sun 4aCloudy48°9° (likely 46°8° to 49°9°)44°7°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 16 mph25 km/h77%98%0
Sun 5aCloudy46°8° (likely 45°7° to 48°9°)42°6°20%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 15 mph24 km/h79%97%0
Sun 6aCloudy46°8° (likely 45°7° to 48°9°)42°6°20%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 14 mph22 km/h79%89%0
Sun 7aCloudy46°8° (likely 45°7° to 48°9°)42°6°30%5 mph8 km/h from NNE, gusts 13 mph21 km/h79%83%0
Sun 8aCloudy45°7° (likely 45°7° to 47°8°)41°5°20%5 mph8 km/h from NNE, gusts 13 mph21 km/h79%95%0
Sun 9aCloudy47°8° (likely 46°8° to 48°9°)43°6°30%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 15 mph25 km/h76%100%0
Sun 10aCloudy50°10° (likely 46°8° to 50°10°)47°8°20%10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 16 mph26 km/h71%99%0
Sun 11aCloudy51°11° (likely 46°8° to 51°11°)51°11°10%10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 15 mph24 km/h66%99%0
Sun 12pCloudy52°11° (likely 46°8° to 52°11°)52°11°10%10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 17 mph28 km/h63%99%0
Sun 1pCloudy52°11° (likely 46°8° to 53°12°)52°11°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 16 mph26 km/h61%96%0
Sun 2pCloudy53°12° (likely 46°8° to 53°12°)53°12°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 18 mph28 km/h54%98%1
Sun 3pCloudy53°12° (likely 46°8° to 53°12°)53°12°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 17 mph28 km/h52%98%3
Sun 4pCloudy53°12° (likely 47°8° to 53°12°)53°12°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 20 mph32 km/h50%97%1
Sun 5pCloudy54°12° (likely 46°8° to 54°12°)54°12°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 21 mph35 km/h48%79%1
Sun 6pCloudy52°11° (likely 46°8° to 52°11°)52°11°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 23 mph37 km/h52%79%0
Sun 7pCloudy51°11° (likely 44°7° to 51°11°)51°11°5%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 22 mph35 km/h52%78%0
Sun 8pCloudy48°9° (likely 44°7° to 49°9°)44°7°5%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 21 mph33 km/h58%80%0
Sun 9pCloudy46°8° (likely 43°6° to 49°9°)41°5°0%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 20 mph31 km/h63%85%0
Sun 10pCloudy46°8° (likely 42°6° to 49°9°)41°5°0%10 mph16 km/h from NNE, gusts 21 mph34 km/h63%87%0
Sun 11pCloudy46°8° (likely 42°6° to 49°9°)41°5°5%10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 20 mph32 km/h63%95%0
Mon 12aCloudy45°7° (likely 42°6° to 48°9°)40°4°5%10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 19 mph31 km/h65%97%0
Mon 1aCloudy45°7° (likely 42°6° to 47°8°)40°4°40%, 0.03 in0.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 21 mph34 km/h65%97%0
Mon 2aCloudy45°7° (likely 43°6° to 46°8°)40°4°40%, 0.03 in0.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 21 mph35 km/h65%100%0
Mon 3aShowers44°7° (likely 43°6° to 46°8°)38°3°40%, 0.03 in0.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 21 mph34 km/h70%100%0
Mon 4aDrizzle44°7° (likely 42°6° to 46°8°)38°3°40%, 0.03 in0.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 23 mph38 km/h70%100%0
Mon 5aDrizzle43°6° (likely 42°6° to 46°8°)37°3°40%, 0.03 in0.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 24 mph38 km/h73%100%0
Mon 6aDrizzle43°6° (likely 42°6° to 46°8°)37°3°50%, 0.03 in0.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 22 mph35 km/h76%100%0
Mon 7aCloudy43°6° (likely 42°6° to 46°8°)37°3°60%, 0.04 in1 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 24 mph38 km/h76%100%0
Mon 8aRain41°5° (likely 41°5° to 45°7°)34°1°60%, 0.04 in1 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 25 mph40 km/h82%100%0
Mon 9aDrizzle43°6° (likely 41°5° to 44°7°)37°3°60%, 0.04 in1 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 26 mph42 km/h79%100%0
Mon 10aShowers46°8° (likely 41°5° to 46°8°)41°5°60%, 0.04 in1 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 25 mph40 km/h76%100%0
Mon 11aDrizzle48°9° (likely 41°5° to 48°9°)43°6°60%, 0.04 in1 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 24 mph38 km/h71%100%0
Mon 12pCloudy49°9° (likely 42°6° to 49°9°)44°7°60%, 0.04 in1 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 21 mph34 km/h68%100%0
Mon 1pCloudy51°11° (likely 42°6° to 51°11°)51°11°40%, 0.01 in0.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 18 mph29 km/h63%100%0
Mon 2pShowers52°11° (likely 44°7° to 53°12°)52°11°40%, 0.01 in0.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 18 mph29 km/h61%94%0

Days ahead

Shaded: typical range for these dates (1991–2020)
  1. Today, Oct 24. Showers. High 73°23°, low 45°7°. Typical 54°12° / 32°0°. Rain 0.03 in0.8 mm, 20% chance. Forecasts agree.
    1. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Cloudy, 70°21°

      20% chance

    2. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Cloudy, 53°12°

      50% chance · 0.1 in2.5 mm

    3. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Drizzle, 46°8°

      20% chance · 0.02 in0.5 mm

    Official NWS forecast

    Today: A slight chance of rain showers after 4pm. Mostly cloudy. High near 73, with temperatures falling to around 64 in the afternoon. Northwest wind around 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 20%.

    Tonight: A chance of rain showers. Cloudy, with a low around 45. North wind 5 to 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 50%. New rainfall amounts less than a tenth of an inch possible.

    Forecasts agreeIndependent forecasts are close; the range is narrow.

    High, likely
    70°21°–73°23°
    Low, likely
    45°7°–50°10°
    Typical high / low
    54°12° / 32°0°
    Wind
    18 mph29 km/h, gusts 33 mph53 km/h
    UV peak
    4
  2. Tomorrow, Oct 25. Drizzle. High 54°12°, low 41°5°. Typical 54°12° / 32°0°. Rain 0.04 in1 mm, 30% chance. Mostly agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Cloudy, 45°7°

      30% chance

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Cloudy, 54°12°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Cloudy, 48°9°

      Dry

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Showers, 43°6°

      40% chance · 0.15 in3.8 mm

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: A chance of rain showers before 11am. Mostly cloudy, with a high near 54. North northeast wind 5 to 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

    Night: A chance of rain showers after 1am. Cloudy, with a low around 41. Northeast wind around 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 40%.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    High, likely
    47°8°–54°12°
    Low, likely
    41°5°–47°8°
    Typical high / low
    54°12° / 32°0°
    Wind
    14 mph22 km/h, gusts 27 mph43 km/h
    UV peak
    3
  3. Monday, Oct 26. Showers. High 54°12°, low 45°7°. Typical 53°12° / 31°−1°. Rain 0.27 in6.9 mm, 60% chance. Mostly agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Rain, 41°5°

      60% chance · 0.23 in5.8 mm

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Showers, 52°11°

      60% chance · 0.06 in1.6 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 48°9°

      40% chance · 0.04 in1 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Cloudy, 52°11°

      40% chance

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: Rain showers likely. Mostly cloudy, with a high near 54. East northeast wind around 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 60%.

    Night: Rain showers likely. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 45. East southeast wind around 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 60%.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    High, likely
    49°9°–54°12°
    Low, likely
    41°5°–45°7°
    Typical high / low
    53°12° / 31°−1°
    Wind
    18 mph29 km/h, gusts 30 mph49 km/h
    UV peak
    1
  4. Tuesday, Oct 27. Drizzle. High 64°18°, low 50°10°. Typical 52°11° / 31°−1°. Rain 0.05 in1.3 mm, 30% chance. Mostly agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Partly sunny, 54°12°

      30% chance

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Sunny, 65°18°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Cloudy, 60°16°

      20% chance · 0.01 in0.3 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Cloudy, 56°13°

      30% chance

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: A chance of rain showers before 7am. Partly sunny, with a high near 64. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

    Night: A slight chance of rain showers between 7pm and 1am. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 50.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    High, likely
    62°17°–68°20°
    Low, likely
    49°9°–54°12°
    Typical high / low
    52°11° / 31°−1°
    Wind
    18 mph29 km/h, gusts 32 mph52 km/h
    UV peak
    2
  5. Wednesday, Oct 28. Thunderstorms. High 67°19°, low 46°8°. Typical 52°11° / 30°−1°. Storms 0.26 in6.6 mm, 30% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Sunny, 55°13°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Partly sunny, 66°19°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 57°14°

      Dry

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Cloudy, 49°9°

      Dry

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: A slight chance of rain showers between 7am and 1pm, then a chance of showers and thunderstorms. Mostly sunny, with a high near 67. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

    Night: A chance of showers and thunderstorms before 1am. Partly cloudy, with a low around 46. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    62°17°–68°20°
    Low, likely
    46°8°–54°12°
    Typical high / low
    52°11° / 30°−1°
    Wind
    20 mph32 km/h, gusts 34 mph55 km/h
    UV peak
    4
  6. Thursday, Oct 29. Partly sunny. High 68°20°, low 51°11°. Typical 51°11° / 30°−1°. Dry. Mostly agree. Best day outdoors this week.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Sunny, 48°9°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Sunny, 64°18°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Clear, 56°13°

      Dry

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Drizzle, 54°12°

      20% chance · 0.03 in0.8 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: Mostly sunny, with a high near 68.

    Night: A chance of rain showers after 7pm. Partly cloudy, with a low around 51. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    Best day outdoors this week: the one dry, mild day the forecasts agree on (high 68°20°).

    High, likely
    62°17°–68°20°
    Low, likely
    41°5°–51°11°
    Typical high / low
    51°11° / 30°−1°
    Wind
    16 mph25 km/h, gusts 29 mph47 km/h
    UV peak
    3
  7. Friday, Oct 30. Showers. High 70°21°, low 52°11°. Typical 51°11° / 30°−1°. Rain 0.23 in5.8 mm, 30% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Drizzle, 58°14°

      20% chance · 0.08 in2.1 mm

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Showers, 71°22°

      30% chance · 0.04 in1.1 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 67°19°

      30% chance · 0.09 in2.3 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Drizzle, 60°16°

      40% chance · 0.18 in4.6 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: A chance of rain showers. Partly sunny, with a high near 70. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

    Night: Rain showers likely. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 52. Chance of precipitation is 60%.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    67°19°–76°24°
    Low, likely
    49°9°–63°17°
    Typical high / low
    51°11° / 30°−1°
    Wind
    22 mph36 km/h, gusts 37 mph59 km/h
  8. Saturday, Oct 31. Rain. High 64°18°, low 56°13°. Typical 50°10° / 29°−2°. Rain 0.4 in10 mm, 50% chance. Mostly agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Cloudy, 60°15°

      40% chance · 0.02 in0.4 mm

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Drizzle, 64°18°

      40% chance · 0.06 in1.6 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 60°15°

      40% chance · 0.15 in3.8 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Drizzle, 54°12°

      40% chance · 0.12 in3.1 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    The National Weather Service writes about seven days ahead; this day is our model forecast only.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    High, likely
    61°16°–66°19°
    Low, likely
    51°11°–59°15°
    Typical high / low
    50°10° / 29°−2°
    Wind
    17 mph27 km/h, gusts 36 mph58 km/h
    UV peak
    2
  9. Sunday, Nov 1. Drizzle. High 59°15°, low 46°8°. Typical 50°10° / 29°−2°. Rain 0.18 in4.6 mm, 40% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Cloudy, 52°11°

      30% chance

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Cloudy, 53°12°

      20% chance

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 50°10°

      20% chance

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Cloudy, 43°6°

      Dry

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    The National Weather Service writes about seven days ahead; this day is our model forecast only.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    53°12°–65°18°
    Low, likely
    38°3°–58°14°
    Typical high / low
    50°10° / 29°−2°
    Wind
    22 mph35 km/h, gusts 34 mph55 km/h
    UV peak
    2
  10. Monday, Nov 2. Drizzle. High 53°12°, low 42°6°. Typical 49°9° / 28°−2°. Rain 0.24 in6.1 mm, 30% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Drizzle, 45°7°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Cloudy, 53°12°

      30% chance · 0.06 in1.6 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Cloudy, 51°11°

      30% chance · 0.02 in0.6 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    The National Weather Service writes about seven days ahead; this day is our model forecast only.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    48°9°–62°17°
    Low, likely
    32°0°–59°15°
    Typical high / low
    49°9° / 28°−2°
    Wind
    25 mph41 km/h, gusts 48 mph77 km/h
    UV peak
    2

The outlook

  1. Today

    Dry, high 73°, low 45°.

  2. Tomorrow

    Dry, high 54°, low 41°, cooling off.

  3. Monday

    60% chance of rain, high 54°, low 45°.

  4. Rest of week

    Highs 53–70°; chance of precipitation on Saturday.

Want the meteorologists’ reasoning? Read the NWS forecast discussion (FSD) (opens in a new tab)

What changed since yesterday

No meaningful changes from yesterday’s forecast.

Radar

Radar data: NOAA MRMS, rendered by forecast.blue
Radar loads when scrolled into view

Full-screen radar

Rivers

NOAA river gauges within 25 mi

West Fork Des Moines River at Jackson

5.8 mi
Below flood stage
Level
7.0 ft
Flow
36 cfs

Reading from Sat 2 PM · NWS gauge page

West Fork Des Moines River at Estherville

17 mi
Below flood stage
Level
2.3 ft
Flow
44 cfs

Reading from Sat 1:45 PM · NWS gauge page

Spirit Lake near Orleans

17 mi
Below flood stage
Level
14.2 ft

Reading from Sat 2:15 PM · NWS gauge page

Heron Lake South near Okabena

19 mi
Level
1399 ft

Reading from Sat 2 PM · NWS gauge page

For your home

What this week’s weather means for heating, cooling, pipes and fresh air.

Heating this week

About 81% less heating than a typical week.

This week 31Typical 164

Heating degree days, base 65°F

Heat-pump hours, next 7 days

h below 47°F
19
h below 17°F
0
h below 5°F
0

47, 17 and 5°F are the test points heat pumps are rated at. About 1 hours are near freezing and damp, when outdoor units defrost more often.

Comfort

Dry air outside (dew point 52°F).

Open the windows?

No stretch in the next few days is comfortable enough outside, by temperature, dew point and air quality.

Is this typical?

Lakefield 2ne · official normals 1991–2020 · records 1996–2026

Oct 24, today vs a typical year

Today’s expected high is 19°11° warmer than typical.

Normal high / low
54°12° / 32°0°
Forecast high / low
73°23° / 45°7°
Record high
76°24° in 2022
Record low
20°−7° in 1999

Last 7 days vs normal

On average 11°6° warmer than normal (daily mean temperature).

  1. +11°+6°SunOct 18
  2. +10°+6°MonOct 19
  3. —TueOct 20
  4. —WedOct 21
  5. —ThuOct 22
  6. —FriOct 23
  7. —SatOct 24

Alpha weather by month: normals, records, snow and freeze dates

Sun & moon

Sun

Sunrise 7:45 AM, sunset 6:21 PM.

Daylight
10 h 36 min
Losing 2 min 44 s a day; shortest Dec 21, 1 h 41 min less
Golden hour
5:41–6:39 PM
Morning 7:27–8:25 AM
Blue hour
6:39–6:50 PM
Morning 7:15–7:27 AM; first light 7:15 AM

Stars tonight? Poor

Clouds most of the night (about 95% cover).

Moon

Waxing gibbous

98% lit · growing

Today
sets 5:58 AM · rises 5:20 PM
Full moon
Oct 25
New moon
Nov 9
Looking west from Alpha. A level horizon.Skyline from USGS elevation data, heights drawn up to 6× taller. Sky, sun and moon as they are now.