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Observed 7:50 AM CDT at KHON

De Smet, SD weather

Windy and 52°11°, 9°5° warmer than a typical Oct 24, rain ~9–11 AM (45%).

Today: low 38°3° (likely 38°3° to 47°8°), high 61°16° (likely 61°16° to 67°19°).

Forecasts agree

Now 52°11°

Windy

Wind
20 mph32 km/h
From the northwest. Gusts to 32 mph52 km/h around 9 AM
Dew point
43°6°
Comfortable
UV index
0Low
Moderate 1–3 PM · peak 3

Next 2 hours

None rain starting around 6:15 AM.

Next 48 hours

8°4° cooler than this time yesterday (63°17° then, 55°13° now)

Good hours for
  • Rain until 1 PM (50%, 0.05 in1.3 mm)
  • Gusts to 32 mph51 km/h until 1 PM
  • Below 50°10° tonight after 8 PM
  • Rain tomorrow from 7 AM (90%, 2.4 in61 mm)
  • Gusts to 29 mph47 km/h tomorrow night from 2 AM
  1. This morningDown to 51°11° by 10 AM · Rain all morning (50%) · gusts to 32 mph51 km/h
  2. This afternoonNear 53°12° · Rain noon–1 PM (40%) · gusts to 27 mph43 km/h
  3. TonightDown to 42°6° by 5 AM · rain chance 10% · Mostly cloudy
  4. Tomorrow morningUp to 46°8° by 11 AM · Rain 7 AM–noon (70%)
  5. Tomorrow afternoonNear 46°8° · Rain all afternoon (70%)
  6. Tomorrow nightDown to 37°3° by 5 AM · Rain all night (90%) · gusts to 28 mph45 km/h
Hourly forecast, next 48 hours, in the place's local time
HourConditionsTemperatureFeels likePrecipitationWindHumidityCloud coverUV index
Sat 8aCloudy59°15° (likely 57°14° to 59°15°)59°15°40%, 0.01 in0.3 mm15 mph24 km/h from W, gusts 29 mph46 km/h70%69%0
Sat 9aShowers53°12° (likely 52°11° to 55°13°)53°12°40%, 0.01 in0.3 mm20 mph32 km/h from NW, gusts 32 mph52 km/h75%94%0
Sat 10aShowers51°11° (likely 50°10° to 53°12°)51°11°50%, 0.01 in0.3 mm20 mph32 km/h from NW, gusts 32 mph52 km/h75%100%1
Sat 11aShowers51°11° (likely 49°9° to 52°11°)51°11°40%, 0.01 in0.3 mm20 mph32 km/h from NW, gusts 28 mph45 km/h72%100%1
Sat 12pShowers52°11° (likely 48°9° to 52°11°)52°11°40%, 0.01 in0.3 mm20 mph32 km/h from NW, gusts 27 mph43 km/h67%100%2
Sat 1pShowers52°11° (likely 48°9° to 52°11°)52°11°30%15 mph24 km/h from NW, gusts 21 mph33 km/h60%99%3
Sat 2pCloudy53°12° (likely 48°9° to 53°12°)53°12°20%15 mph24 km/h from NW, gusts 21 mph34 km/h59%99%3
Sat 3pCloudy53°12° (likely 49°9° to 53°12°)53°12°10%15 mph24 km/h from NNW, gusts 17 mph28 km/h56%96%2
Sat 4pCloudy53°12° (likely 50°10° to 54°12°)53°12°10%15 mph24 km/h from NNW, gusts 16 mph25 km/h54%86%1
Sat 5pCloudy53°12° (likely 50°10° to 54°12°)53°12°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNW, gusts 15 mph23 km/h55%97%1
Sat 6pCloudy51°11° (likely 49°9° to 53°12°)51°11°10%10 mph16 km/h from NNW, gusts 13 mph21 km/h56%92%0
Sat 7pCloudy50°10° (likely 48°9° to 51°11°)47°8°5%5 mph8 km/h from NNW, gusts 10 mph16 km/h59%88%0
Sat 8pCloudy48°9° (likely 47°8° to 50°10°)46°8°5%5 mph8 km/h from NNW, gusts 10 mph16 km/h60%82%0
Sat 9pCloudy47°8° (likely 46°8° to 48°9°)45°7°0%5 mph8 km/h from NNW, gusts 8 mph13 km/h62%83%0
Sat 10pCloudy47°8° (likely 44°7° to 48°9°)45°7°0%5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 8 mph13 km/h60%86%0
Sat 11pCloudy46°8° (likely 43°6° to 47°8°)44°7°0%5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 9 mph14 km/h58%81%0
Sun 12aMostly cloudy45°7° (likely 41°5° to 46°8°)43°6°0%5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 8 mph12 km/h58%53%0
Sun 1aCloudy44°7° (likely 40°4° to 46°8°)41°5°0%, 0.01 in0.3 mm5 mph8 km/h from N, gusts 10 mph16 km/h60%57%0
Sun 2aCloudy44°7° (likely 39°4° to 46°8°)41°5°0%, 0.01 in0.3 mm5 mph8 km/h from NNE, gusts 11 mph18 km/h60%55%0
Sun 3aCloudy44°7° (likely 38°3° to 46°8°)41°5°5%, 0.01 in0.3 mm5 mph8 km/h from NE, gusts 11 mph17 km/h60%61%0
Sun 4aCloudy43°6° (likely 38°3° to 45°7°)39°4°10%, 0.01 in0.3 mm5 mph8 km/h from NE, gusts 11 mph18 km/h60%93%0
Sun 5aCloudy42°6° (likely 37°3° to 45°7°)38°3°10%, 0.01 in0.3 mm5 mph8 km/h from ENE, gusts 10 mph16 km/h62%100%0
Sun 6aCloudy41°5° (likely 38°3° to 45°7°)36°2°30%, 0.01 in0.3 mm5 mph8 km/h from ENE, gusts 10 mph16 km/h65%100%0
Sun 7aCloudy41°5° (likely 39°4° to 45°7°)36°2°50%, 0.05 in1.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 12 mph20 km/h59%100%0
Sun 8aCloudy39°4° (likely 39°4° to 45°7°)33°1°60%, 0.05 in1.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 12 mph19 km/h67%100%0
Sun 9aCloudy42°6° (likely 41°5° to 46°8°)37°3°60%, 0.05 in1.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 13 mph21 km/h62%100%0
Sun 10aCloudy45°7° (likely 42°6° to 46°8°)40°4°70%, 0.05 in1.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 16 mph26 km/h65%100%0
Sun 11aCloudy46°8° (likely 43°6° to 47°8°)41°5°70%, 0.05 in1.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 17 mph27 km/h63%100%1
Sun 12pDrizzle46°8° (likely 43°6° to 47°8°)41°5°70%, 0.05 in1.3 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 17 mph28 km/h63%100%0
Sun 1pShowers46°8° (likely 43°6° to 47°8°)41°5°60%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 16 mph25 km/h63%100%0
Sun 2pShowers46°8° (likely 43°6° to 47°8°)41°5°60%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 17 mph27 km/h65%100%0
Sun 3pShowers46°8° (likely 43°6° to 47°8°)41°5°60%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 18 mph28 km/h65%100%0
Sun 4pCloudy46°8° (likely 43°6° to 46°8°)41°5°60%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 19 mph30 km/h65%100%0
Sun 5pCloudy46°8° (likely 43°6° to 46°8°)41°5°60%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from NE, gusts 20 mph33 km/h65%100%0
Sun 6pCloudy47°8° (likely 42°6° to 47°8°)42°6°50%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 20 mph32 km/h65%100%0
Sun 7pCloudy44°7° (likely 40°4° to 44°7°)38°3°80%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 20 mph32 km/h73%100%0
Sun 8pDrizzle43°6° (likely 40°4° to 43°6°)37°3°80%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 22 mph36 km/h73%100%0
Sun 9pCloudy42°6° (likely 40°4° to 43°6°)36°2°80%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 22 mph36 km/h76%100%0
Sun 10pRain41°5° (likely 40°4° to 42°6°)34°1°80%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 25 mph40 km/h82%100%0
Sun 11pDrizzle40°4° (likely 40°4° to 42°6°)33°1°80%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 23 mph37 km/h85%100%0
Mon 12aShowers40°4° (likely 40°4° to 42°6°)33°1°80%, 0.07 in1.8 mm10 mph16 km/h from ENE, gusts 22 mph36 km/h85%100%0
Mon 1aDrizzle40°4° (likely 40°4° to 42°6°)33°1°90%, 0.16 in4.1 mm15 mph24 km/h from ENE, gusts 24 mph39 km/h85%100%0
Mon 2aDrizzle40°4° (likely 40°4° to 43°6°)32°0°90%, 0.16 in4.1 mm15 mph24 km/h from ENE, gusts 26 mph43 km/h85%100%0
Mon 3aDrizzle39°4° (likely 39°4° to 42°6°)31°−1°90%, 0.16 in4.1 mm15 mph24 km/h from ENE, gusts 27 mph43 km/h89%100%0
Mon 4aDrizzle39°4° (likely 39°4° to 42°6°)30°−1°90%, 0.16 in4.1 mm15 mph24 km/h from ENE, gusts 27 mph43 km/h89%100%0
Mon 5aDrizzle37°3° (likely 37°3° to 42°6°)27°−3°90%, 0.16 in4.1 mm15 mph24 km/h from ENE, gusts 28 mph44 km/h96%100%0
Mon 6aShowers36°2° (likely 36°2° to 42°6°)26°−3°90%, 0.16 in4.1 mm15 mph24 km/h from ENE, gusts 28 mph46 km/h100%100%0
Mon 7aShowers35°2° (likely 35°2° to 42°6°)24°−4°90%, 0.32 in8.1 mm20 mph32 km/h from ENE, gusts 29 mph46 km/h100%100%0

Days ahead

Shaded: typical range for these dates (1991–2020)
  1. Today, Oct 24. Showers. High 61°16°, low 38°3°. Typical 52°11° / 32°0°. Rain 0.09 in2.3 mm, 50% chance. Forecasts agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Showers, 59°15°

      50% chance · 0.04 in1 mm

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Showers, 53°12°

      40% chance · 0.01 in0.3 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Cloudy, 48°9°

      Dry

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Cloudy, 42°6°

      Dry

    Official NWS forecast

    Today: Scattered rain showers before 3pm. Mostly cloudy. High near 61, with temperatures falling to around 53 in the afternoon. Northwest wind 10 to 20 mph, with gusts as high as 35 mph. Chance of precipitation is 50%. New rainfall amounts less than a tenth of an inch possible.

    Tonight: Mostly cloudy. Low around 38, with temperatures rising to around 42 overnight. North northeast wind 5 to 10 mph. New rainfall amounts less than a tenth of an inch possible.

    Forecasts agreeIndependent forecasts are close; the range is narrow.

    High, likely
    61°16°–67°19°
    Low, likely
    38°3°–47°8°
    Typical high / low
    52°11° / 32°0°
    Wind
    22 mph35 km/h, gusts 37 mph60 km/h
    UV peak
    3
  2. Tomorrow, Oct 25. Rain. High 48°9°, low 34°1°. Typical 52°11° / 32°0°. Rain 0.2 in5.1 mm, 70% chance. Mostly agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Cloudy, 39°4°

      70% chance · 0.26 in6.6 mm

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Showers, 46°8°

      70% chance · 0.4 in10 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Rain, 43°6°

      80% chance · 0.42 in11 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Showers, 37°3°

      90% chance · 0.87 in22 mm

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: Rain showers likely. Cloudy, with a high near 48. East northeast wind 5 to 10 mph. Chance of precipitation is 70%. New rainfall amounts between a tenth and quarter of an inch possible.

    Night: Rain showers. Cloudy. Low around 34, with temperatures rising to around 37 overnight. East northeast wind 10 to 15 mph, with gusts as high as 25 mph. Chance of precipitation is 90%.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    High, likely
    44°7°–48°9°
    Low, likely
    34°1°–42°6°
    Typical high / low
    52°11° / 32°0°
    Wind
    15 mph24 km/h, gusts 26 mph42 km/h
  3. Monday, Oct 26. Rain. High 45°7°, low 35°2°. Typical 51°11° / 31°−1°. Rain 1.1 in27 mm, 90% chance. Mostly agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Rain, 40°4°

      100% chance · 0.77 in19 mm

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Rain, 41°5°

      100% chance · 0.41 in10 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Rain, 42°5°

      90% chance · 0.24 in6.1 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Drizzle, 44°7°

      90% chance · 0.08 in2.1 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: Rain showers. Cloudy, with a high near 45. East northeast wind 15 to 20 mph, with gusts as high as 30 mph. Chance of precipitation is 90%.

    Night: Rain showers. Cloudy, with a low around 35. East southeast wind 10 to 20 mph, with gusts as high as 30 mph. Chance of precipitation is 90%.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    High, likely
    42°6°–45°7°
    Low, likely
    35°2°–41°5°
    Typical high / low
    51°11° / 31°−1°
    Wind
    24 mph38 km/h, gusts 36 mph58 km/h
  4. Tuesday, Oct 27. Showers. High 53°12°, low 40°4°. Typical 51°11° / 30°−1°. Rain 0.18 in4.6 mm, 60% chance. Mostly agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Cloudy, 41°5°

      40% chance

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Sunny, 53°11°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 52°11°

      30% chance · 0.08 in2.1 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Drizzle, 46°8°

      30% chance

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: Rain showers likely. Mostly cloudy, with a high near 53. Chance of precipitation is 60%.

    Night: A chance of rain showers. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 40. Chance of precipitation is 50%.

    Mostly agreeIndependent forecasts are fairly close; small surprises are possible.

    High, likely
    53°12°–57°14°
    Low, likely
    40°4°–42°6°
    Typical high / low
    51°11° / 30°−1°
    Wind
    18 mph29 km/h, gusts 32 mph51 km/h
    UV peak
    4
  5. Wednesday, Oct 28. Partly sunny. High 58°14°, low 36°2°. Typical 50°10° / 30°−1°. Rain 0.01 in0.3 mm, 50% chance. Forecasts agree.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Sunny, 43°6°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Sunny, 58°15°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Clear, 50°10°

      Dry

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Clear, 43°6°

      Dry

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: A chance of rain showers before 7am. Mostly sunny, with a high near 58. Chance of precipitation is 50%.

    Night: Mostly clear, with a low around 36.

    Forecasts agreeIndependent forecasts are close; the range is narrow.

    High, likely
    58°14°–60°16°
    Low, likely
    36°2°–45°7°
    Typical high / low
    50°10° / 30°−1°
    Wind
    18 mph29 km/h, gusts 36 mph58 km/h
    UV peak
    3
  6. Thursday, Oct 29. Partly sunny. High 58°14°, low 41°5°. Typical 50°10° / 30°−1°. Dry. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Mostly sunny, 44°7°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Sunny, 59°15°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Clear, 52°11°

      Dry

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Cloudy, 50°10°

      Dry

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: Mostly sunny, with a high near 58.

    Night: Partly cloudy, with a low around 41.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    57°14°–62°17°
    Low, likely
    39°4°–45°7°
    Typical high / low
    50°10° / 30°−1°
    Wind
    12 mph20 km/h, gusts 35 mph56 km/h
    UV peak
    3
  7. Friday, Oct 30. Showers. High 58°14°, low 41°5°. Typical 49°9° / 29°−2°. Rain 0.12 in3 mm, 20% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Cloudy, 51°11°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Cloudy, 63°17°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Rain, 58°14°

      20% chance · 0.09 in2.3 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Rain, 57°14°

      30% chance · 0.08 in2.1 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    Official NWS forecast

    Day: A slight chance of rain showers after 7am. Partly sunny, with a high near 58.

    Night: A chance of rain showers. Mostly cloudy, with a low around 41. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    58°14°–68°20°
    Low, likely
    41°5°–54°12°
    Typical high / low
    49°9° / 29°−2°
    Wind
    17 mph28 km/h, gusts 38 mph62 km/h
    UV peak
    2
  8. Saturday, Oct 31. Drizzle. High 62°17°, low 55°13°. Typical 48°9° / 29°−2°. Rain 0.24 in6.1 mm, 40% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Drizzle, 58°14°

      30% chance

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Drizzle, 62°17°

      40% chance · 0.05 in1.1 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 59°15°

      40% chance · 0.03 in0.8 mm

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Drizzle, 55°13°

      30% chance · 0.02 in0.5 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    The National Weather Service writes about seven days ahead; this day is our model forecast only.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    57°14°–67°19°
    Low, likely
    49°9°–58°14°
    Typical high / low
    48°9° / 29°−2°
    Wind
    20 mph33 km/h, gusts 37 mph59 km/h
  9. Sunday, Nov 1. Drizzle. High 58°14°, low 47°8°. Typical 48°9° / 28°−2°. Rain 0.25 in6.4 mm, 30% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Cloudy, 53°12°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Drizzle, 52°11°

      Dry

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 49°10°

      Dry

    4. Overnight

      midnight–6 AM

      Clear, 43°6°

      Dry

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    The National Weather Service writes about seven days ahead; this day is our model forecast only.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    52°11°–63°17°
    Low, likely
    40°4°–57°14°
    Typical high / low
    48°9° / 28°−2°
    Wind
    28 mph45 km/h, gusts 46 mph74 km/h
  10. Monday, Nov 2. Cloudy. High 55°13°, low 45°7°. Typical 47°8° / 28°−2°. Rain 0.27 in6.9 mm, 30% chance. Forecasts differ.
    1. Morning

      6 AM–noon

      Sunny, 43°6°

      Dry

    2. Afternoon

      noon–6 PM

      Drizzle, 52°11°

      20% chance · 0.07 in1.8 mm

    3. Evening

      6 PM–midnight

      Drizzle, 51°11°

      30% chance · 0.05 in1.1 mm

    Hours this far out come from computer models only.

    The National Weather Service writes about seven days ahead; this day is our model forecast only.

    Forecasts differIndependent forecasts disagree; expect changes and plan for the range.

    High, likely
    51°11°–60°16°
    Low, likely
    39°4°–54°12°
    Typical high / low
    47°8° / 28°−2°
    Wind
    24 mph38 km/h, gusts 45 mph72 km/h
    UV peak
    3

The outlook

  1. Today

    45% chance of rain, high 61°, low 38°.

  2. Tomorrow

    74% chance of rain, high 48°, low 34°, cooling off.

  3. Monday

    92% chance of rain, high 45°, low 35°, cooling off.

  4. Rest of week

    Highs 53–62°; chance of precipitation on Tuesday, Saturday.

Want the meteorologists’ reasoning? Read the NWS forecast discussion (FSD) (opens in a new tab)

What changed since yesterday

No meaningful changes from yesterday’s forecast.

Radar

Radar data: NOAA MRMS, rendered by forecast.blue
Radar loads when scrolled into view

Full-screen radar

Rivers

NOAA river gauges within 25 mi

Vermillion River at Lake Thompson

12 mi
Below flood stage
Level
1687 ft

Reading from Sat 6 AM · NWS gauge page

For your home

What this week’s weather means for heating, cooling, pipes and fresh air.

Heating this week

About 77% less heating than a typical week.

This week 39Typical 171

Heating degree days, base 65°F

Heat-pump hours, next 7 days

h below 47°F
35
h below 17°F
0
h below 5°F
0

47, 17 and 5°F are the test points heat pumps are rated at. About 10 hours are near freezing and damp, when outdoor units defrost more often.

Comfort

Dry air outside (dew point 43°F).

Open the windows?

No stretch in the next few days is comfortable enough outside, by temperature, dew point and air quality.

Is this typical?

De Smet · official normals 1991–2020 · records 1893–2026

Oct 24, today vs a typical year

Today’s expected high is 9°5° warmer than typical.

Normal high / low
52°11° / 32°0°
Forecast high / low
61°16° / 38°3°
Record high
80°27° in 1989
Record low
16°−9° in 1987

Last 7 days vs normal

On average 10°5° warmer than normal (daily mean temperature).

  1. +8°+4°SunOct 18
  2. +9°+5°MonOct 19
  3. +12°+7°TueOct 20
  4. —WedOct 21
  5. —ThuOct 22
  6. —FriOct 23
  7. —SatOct 24

De Smet weather by month: normals, records, snow and freeze dates

Sun & moon

Sun

Sunrise 7:56 AM, sunset 6:31 PM.

Daylight
10 h 34 min
Losing 2 min 44 s a day; shortest Dec 21, 1 h 44 min less
Golden hour
5:50–6:49 PM
Morning 7:38–8:37 AM
Blue hour
6:49–7:00 PM
Morning 7:27–7:38 AM; first light 7:27 AM

Stars tonight? Poor

Clouds most of the night (about 80% cover).

Moon

Waxing gibbous

97% lit · growing

Today
sets 6:10 AM · rises 5:30 PM
Full moon
Oct 25
New moon
Nov 9
Looking southeast from De Smet. The highest point on the skyline is about 3,100 ft, 16 mi away.Skyline from USGS elevation data, heights drawn up to 6× taller. Sky, sun and moon as they are now.